Process of making Nielloware artifacts in Thailand

In Thailand each of the Nielloware artists has his own formula of making the Niello amalgam. The process starts when the desired quantity of copper, silver and lead melt in a crucible at 300 degree Celsius and the heating should continue till four hours. Then sulpher should be mixed but the sulpher should not continue any bubbles. Afterwards the amalgam should pour in a flat container. After drying the amalgam should be black colored with luster of light blue color. The amalgam has low melting point with solid hardness. It comes in the shape of a rod and also in small pieces. The whole process takes twelve long hours.

Later the metal is given the desired shape. This is done by hammering or by casting. Then the desired pattern can be drawn on the object. This is done either directly on the object or by screens. The design can be craved by hand into the metal. This is also done by stamping machines or acids. After that Niello amalgam should be mixed with soldering flux and then the carved out design is filled properly with the mix. Then heat should be applied with blowpipe. The Niello amalgam on the object and silver level should be properly matched. When the amalgam is applied on the object, it is set to dry and then cool. This step is very important where the craftsmen become very careful so that no minute hole can remain in the object. Then it should be filed and any overflow of amalgam should be removed.

Then comes the process of polishing. Fine sanding paper is used in it. Afterwards the object should be rubbed with charcoal and should make it smooth. It should be further polished by using hand and cotton and also metal polishing substance. This should be followed by washing and drying. Some touch-ups can be done later and your Nielloware object is ready for the market.